NAPAC2022 - List of Keywords (distributed)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPA15	Synchronous High-Frequency Distributed Readout for Edge Processing at the Fermilab Main Injector and Recycler	controls, real-time, Ethernet, operation	79
	J.R. Berlioz, J.M.S. Arnold, M.R. Austin, P.M. Hanlet, K.J. Hazelwood, M.A. Ibrahim, A. Narayanan, D.J. Nicklaus, G. Pradhan, A.L. Saewert, B.A. Schupbach, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA J. Jiang, H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi, M. Thieme, D. Ulusel Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA A. Narayanan Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. Additional funding provided by Grant Award No. LAB 20-2261 The Main Injector (MI) was commissioned using data acquisition systems developed for the Fermilab Main Ring in the 1980s. New VME-based instrumentation was commissioned in 2006 for beam loss monitors (BLM), which provided a more systematic study of the machine and improved displays of routine operation. However, current projects are demanding more data and at a faster rate from this aging hardware. One such project, Real-time Edge AI for Distributed Systems (READS), requires the high-frequency, low-latency collection of synchronized BLM readings from around the approximately two-mile accelerator complex. Significant work has been done to develop new hardware to monitor the VME backplane and broadcast BLM measurements over Ethernet, while not disrupting the existing operations-critical functions of the BLM system. This paper will detail the design, implementation, and testing of this parallel data pathway.
	Poster MOPA15 [1.641 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA15
About •	Received ※ 03 August 2022 — Revised ※ 04 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPA28	Semantic Regression for Disentangling Beam Losses in the Fermilab Main Injector and Recycler	operation, real-time, proton, beam-losses	112
	M. Thieme, H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA J.M.S. Arnold, M.R. Austin, P.M. Hanlet, K.J. Hazelwood, M.A. Ibrahim, V.P. Nagaslaev, A. Narayanan, D.J. Nicklaus, G. Pradhan, A.L. Saewert, B.A. Schupbach, K. Seiya, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. Additional funding provided by Grant Award No. LAB 20-2261, Batavia, IL USA Fermilab’s Main Injector enclosure houses two accelerators: the Main Injector (MI) and the Recycler (RR). In periods of joint operation, when both machines contain high intensity beam, radiative beam losses from MI and RR overlap on the enclosure’s beam loss monitoring (BLM) system, making it difficult to attribute those losses to a single machine. Incorrect diagnoses result in unnecessary downtime that incurs both financial and experimental cost. In this work, we introduce a novel neural approach for automatically disentangling each machine’s contributions to those measured losses. Using a continuous adaptation of the popular UNet architecture in conjunction with a novel data augmentation scheme, our model accurately infers the machine of origin on a per-BLM basis in periods of joint and independent operation. Crucially, by extracting beam loss information at varying receptive fields, the method is capable of learning both local and global machine signatures and producing high quality inferences using only raw BLM loss measurements.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA28
About •	Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Revised ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 06 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPA81	Design of a High-Power RF Breakdown Test for a Cryocooled C-Band Copper Structure	cavity, cryogenics, GUI, electron	516
	G.E. Lawler, A. Fukasawa, J.R. Parsons, J.B. Rosenzweig UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA Z. Li, S.G. Tantawi SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA A. Mostacci Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy E.I. Simakov, T. Tajima LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA B. Spataro LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
	Funding: This work was supported by the DOE Contract DE-SC0020409. High-gradient RF structures capable of maintaining gradients in excess of 250 MV/m are critical in several concepts for future electron accelerators. Concepts such as the ultra-compact free electron laser (UC-XFEL) and the Cool Copper Collider (C3) plan to obtain these gradients through the cryogenic operation (<77K) of normal conducting copper cavities. Breakdown rates, the most significant gradient limitation, are significantly reduced at these low temperatures, but the precise physics is complex and involves many interacting effects. High-power RF breakdown measurements at cryogenic temperatures are needed at the less explored C-band frequency (5.712 GHz), which is of great interest for the aforementioned concepts. On behalf of a large collaboration of UCLA, SLAC, LANL, and INFN, the first C-band cryogenic breakdown measurements will be made using a LANL RF test infrastructure. The 2-cell geometry designed for testing will be modifications of the distributed coupled reentrant design used to efficiently power the cells while staying below the limiting values of peak surface electric and magnetic fields.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA81
About •	Received ※ 29 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPA68	Record Quantum Efficiency from Superlattice Photocathode for Spin Polarized Electron Beam Production	electron, cathode, polarization, lattice	784
	J.P. Biswas, L. Cultrera, K. Kisslinger, W. Liu, J. Skarita, E. Wang BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.D. Hawkins, J.F. Klem, S.R. Lee Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: The work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract DESC0012704 with the U.S. DOE. SNL is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525. Electron sources producing highly spin-polarized electron beams are currently possible only with photocathodes based on GaAs and other III-V semiconductors. GaAs/GaAsP superlattice (SL) photocathodes with a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) represent the state of the art for the production of spin-polarized electrons. We present results on a SL-DBR GaAs/GaAsP structure designed to leverage strain compensation to achieve simultaneously high QE and spin polarization. These photocathode structures were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and achieved quantum efficiencies exceeding 15% and electron spin polarization of about 75% when illuminated with near bandgap photon energies.
	Poster WEPA68 [4.506 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-WEPA68
About •	Received ※ 20 July 2022 — Revised ※ 02 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 07 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THZD4	Accelerating Structures for High-Gradient Proton Radiography Booster at LANSCE	cavity, booster, linac, proton	894
	S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin, E.R. Olivas LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Increasing energy of proton beam at LANSCE from 800 MeV to 3 GeV improves radiography resolution ~10 times. We proposed accomplishing such an energy boost with a compact cost-effective linac based on normal conducting high-gradient (HG) RF accelerating structures. Such an unusual proton linac is feasible for proton radiography (pRad), which operates with short RF pulses. For a compact pRad booster at LANSCE, we have developed a multi-stage design: a short L-band section to capture and compress the 800-MeV proton beam followed by the main HG linac based on S- and C-band cavities, and finally, by an L-band de-buncher [1]. Here we present details of development, including EM and thermal-stress analysis, of proton HG structures with distributed RF coupling for the pRad booster. A simple two-cell structure with distributed coupling is being fabricated and will be tested at the LANL C-band RF Test Stand. [1] S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin. IPAC21, MOPAB210.
	Slides THZD4 [1.591 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-THZD4
About •	Received ※ 01 August 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPA15

Synchronous High-Frequency Distributed Readout for Edge Processing at the Fermilab Main Injector and Recycler

controls, real-time, Ethernet, operation

79

J.R. Berlioz, J.M.S. Arnold, M.R. Austin, P.M. Hanlet, K.J. Hazelwood, M.A. Ibrahim, A. Narayanan, D.J. Nicklaus, G. Pradhan, A.L. Saewert, B.A. Schupbach, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
J. Jiang, H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi, M. Thieme, D. Ulusel
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
A. Narayanan
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. Additional funding provided by Grant Award No. LAB 20-2261
The Main Injector (MI) was commissioned using data acquisition systems developed for the Fermilab Main Ring in the 1980s. New VME-based instrumentation was commissioned in 2006 for beam loss monitors (BLM), which provided a more systematic study of the machine and improved displays of routine operation. However, current projects are demanding more data and at a faster rate from this aging hardware. One such project, Real-time Edge AI for Distributed Systems (READS), requires the high-frequency, low-latency collection of synchronized BLM readings from around the approximately two-mile accelerator complex. Significant work has been done to develop new hardware to monitor the VME backplane and broadcast BLM measurements over Ethernet, while not disrupting the existing operations-critical functions of the BLM system. This paper will detail the design, implementation, and testing of this parallel data pathway.

Poster MOPA15 [1.641 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA15

About •

Received ※ 03 August 2022 — Revised ※ 04 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPA28

Semantic Regression for Disentangling Beam Losses in the Fermilab Main Injector and Recycler

operation, real-time, proton, beam-losses

112

M. Thieme, H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
J.M.S. Arnold, M.R. Austin, P.M. Hanlet, K.J. Hazelwood, M.A. Ibrahim, V.P. Nagaslaev, A. Narayanan, D.J. Nicklaus, G. Pradhan, A.L. Saewert, B.A. Schupbach, K. Seiya, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. Additional funding provided by Grant Award No. LAB 20-2261, Batavia, IL USA
Fermilab’s Main Injector enclosure houses two accelerators: the Main Injector (MI) and the Recycler (RR). In periods of joint operation, when both machines contain high intensity beam, radiative beam losses from MI and RR overlap on the enclosure’s beam loss monitoring (BLM) system, making it difficult to attribute those losses to a single machine. Incorrect diagnoses result in unnecessary downtime that incurs both financial and experimental cost. In this work, we introduce a novel neural approach for automatically disentangling each machine’s contributions to those measured losses. Using a continuous adaptation of the popular UNet architecture in conjunction with a novel data augmentation scheme, our model accurately infers the machine of origin on a per-BLM basis in periods of joint and independent operation. Crucially, by extracting beam loss information at varying receptive fields, the method is capable of learning both local and global machine signatures and producing high quality inferences using only raw BLM loss measurements.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA28

About •

Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Revised ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 06 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPA81

Design of a High-Power RF Breakdown Test for a Cryocooled C-Band Copper Structure

cavity, cryogenics, GUI, electron

516

G.E. Lawler, A. Fukasawa, J.R. Parsons, J.B. Rosenzweig
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
Z. Li, S.G. Tantawi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
A. Mostacci
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
E.I. Simakov, T. Tajima
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
B. Spataro
LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy

Funding: This work was supported by the DOE Contract DE-SC0020409.
High-gradient RF structures capable of maintaining gradients in excess of 250 MV/m are critical in several concepts for future electron accelerators. Concepts such as the ultra-compact free electron laser (UC-XFEL) and the Cool Copper Collider (C3) plan to obtain these gradients through the cryogenic operation (<77K) of normal conducting copper cavities. Breakdown rates, the most significant gradient limitation, are significantly reduced at these low temperatures, but the precise physics is complex and involves many interacting effects. High-power RF breakdown measurements at cryogenic temperatures are needed at the less explored C-band frequency (5.712 GHz), which is of great interest for the aforementioned concepts. On behalf of a large collaboration of UCLA, SLAC, LANL, and INFN, the first C-band cryogenic breakdown measurements will be made using a LANL RF test infrastructure. The 2-cell geometry designed for testing will be modifications of the distributed coupled reentrant design used to efficiently power the cells while staying below the limiting values of peak surface electric and magnetic fields.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA81

About •

Received ※ 29 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 02 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPA68

Record Quantum Efficiency from Superlattice Photocathode for Spin Polarized Electron Beam Production

electron, cathode, polarization, lattice

784

J.P. Biswas, L. Cultrera, K. Kisslinger, W. Liu, J. Skarita, E. Wang
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.D. Hawkins, J.F. Klem, S.R. Lee
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

Funding: The work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract DESC0012704 with the U.S. DOE. SNL is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525.
Electron sources producing highly spin-polarized electron beams are currently possible only with photocathodes based on GaAs and other III-V semiconductors. GaAs/GaAsP superlattice (SL) photocathodes with a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) represent the state of the art for the production of spin-polarized electrons. We present results on a SL-DBR GaAs/GaAsP structure designed to leverage strain compensation to achieve simultaneously high QE and spin polarization. These photocathode structures were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and achieved quantum efficiencies exceeding 15% and electron spin polarization of about 75% when illuminated with near bandgap photon energies.

Poster WEPA68 [4.506 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-WEPA68

About •

Received ※ 20 July 2022 — Revised ※ 02 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 07 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THZD4

Accelerating Structures for High-Gradient Proton Radiography Booster at LANSCE

cavity, booster, linac, proton

894

S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin, E.R. Olivas
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Increasing energy of proton beam at LANSCE from 800 MeV to 3 GeV improves radiography resolution ~10 times. We proposed accomplishing such an energy boost with a compact cost-effective linac based on normal conducting high-gradient (HG) RF accelerating structures. Such an unusual proton linac is feasible for proton radiography (pRad), which operates with short RF pulses. For a compact pRad booster at LANSCE, we have developed a multi-stage design: a short L-band section to capture and compress the 800-MeV proton beam followed by the main HG linac based on S- and C-band cavities, and finally, by an L-band de-buncher [1]. Here we present details of development, including EM and thermal-stress analysis, of proton HG structures with distributed RF coupling for the pRad booster. A simple two-cell structure with distributed coupling is being fabricated and will be tested at the LANL C-band RF Test Stand.
[1] S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin. IPAC21, MOPAB210.

Slides THZD4 [1.591 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-THZD4

About •

Received ※ 01 August 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)