NAPAC2022 - List of Authors (Scheinker, A.)

Paper	Title	Page
TUPA55	Progress Toward Improving Accelerator Performance and Automating Operations with Advanced Analysis Software	465
	J.E. Koglin, J.E. Coleman, M. McKerns, D. Ronquillo, A. Scheinker LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Research presented in this conference paper was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under project numbers XXG2, XX8R and XXB6. The penetrating radiography provided by the Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (DARHT) facility is a key capability in executing a core mission of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). A new suite of software is being developed in the Python programming language to support operations of the of two DARHT linear induction accelerators (LIAs). Historical data, built as hdf5 data structures for over a decade of operations, are being used to develop automated failure and anomaly detection software and train machine learning models to assist in beam tuning. Adaptive machine learning (AML) that incorporate physics-based models are being designed to use non-invasive diagnostic measurements to address the challenge of time variation in accelerator performance and target density evolution. AML methods are also being developed for experiments that use invasive diagnostics to understand the accelerator behavior at key locations, the results of which will be fed back into the accelerator models. The status and future outlook for these developments will be reported, including how Jupyter notebooks are being used to rapidly deploy these advances as highly-interactive web applications.
	Poster TUPA55 [1.919 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA55
About •	Received ※ 15 July 2022 — Revised ※ 08 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPA65	Machine Learning for the LANL Electromagnetic Isotope Separator	490
	A. Scheinker, K.W. Dudeck, C.P. Leibman LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Los Alamos National Laboratory Electromagnetic Isotope Separator Project. The Los Alamos National Laboratory electromagnetic isotope separator (EMIS) utilizes a Freeman ion source to generate beams of various elements which are accelerated to 40 keV and passed through a 75-degree bend using a large dipole magnet with a radius of 1.2 m. The isotope mass differences translate directly to a spread in momentum, dp, relative to the design momentum p0. Momentum spread is converted to spread in the horizontal arrival location dx at a target chamber by the dispersion of the dipole magnet: dx = D(s)dp/p0. By placing a thin slit leading to a collection chamber at a location xc specific isotope mass is isolated by adjusting the dipole magnet strength or the beam energy. The arriving beam current at xc is associated with average isotope atomic mass, giving an isotope mass spectrum I(m) measured in mA. Although the EMIS is a compact system (5 m) setting up and automatically running at an optimal isotope separation profile I(m) profile is challenging due to time-variation of the complex source as well as un-modeled disturbances. We present preliminary results of developing adaptive machine learning-based tools for the EMIS beam and for the accelerator components.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA65
About •	Received ※ 18 July 2022 — Revised ※ 07 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THXD2	6D Phase Space Diagnostics Based on Adaptive Tuning of the Latent Space of Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Networks	837
	A. Scheinker LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	We present a general approach to 6D phase space diagnostics for charged particle beams based on adaptively tuning the low-dimensional latent space of generative encoder-decoder convolutional neural networks (CNN). Our approach first trains the CNN based on supervised learning to learn the correlations and physics constrains within a given accelerator system. The input of the CNN is a high dimensional collection of 2D phase space projections of the beam at the accelerator entrance together with a vector of accelerator parameters such as magnet and RF settings. The inputs are squeezed down to a low-dimensional latent space from which we generate the output in the form of projections of the beam’s 6D phase space at various accelerator locations. After training the CNN is applied in an unsupervised adaptive manner by comparing a subset of the output predictions to available measurements with the error guiding feedback directly in the low-dimensional latent space. We show that our approach is robust to unseen time-variation of the input beam and accelerator parameters and a study of the robustness of the method to go beyond the span of the training data.
	Slides THXD2 [19.086 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-THXD2
About •	Received ※ 18 July 2022 — Revised ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 August 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRXE1	Bayesian Algorithms for Practical Accelerator Control and Adaptive Machine Learning for Time-Varying Systems	921
	A. Scheinker LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA R.J. Roussel SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Particle accelerators are complicated machines with thousands of coupled time varying components. The electromagnetic fields of accelerator devices such as magnets and RF cavities drift and are uncertain due to external disturbances, vibrations, temperature changes, and hysteresis. Accelerated charged particle beams are complex objects with 6D phase space dynamics governed by collective effects such as space charge forces, coherent synchrotron radiation, and whose initial phase space distributions change in unexpected and difficult to measure ways. This two-part tutorial presents recent developments in Bayesian methods and adaptive machine learning (ML) techniques for accelerators. Part 1: We introduce Bayesian control algorithms, and we describe how these algorithms can be customized to solve practical accelerator specific problems, including online characterization and optimization. Part 2: We give an overview of adaptive ML (AML) combining adaptive model-independent feedback within physics-informed ML architectures to make ML tools robust to time-variation (distribution shift) and to enable their use further beyond the span of the training data without relying on re-training.
	Slides FRXE1 [34.283 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-FRXE1
About •	Received ※ 08 August 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Progress Toward Improving Accelerator Performance and Automating Operations with Advanced Analysis Software

465

J.E. Koglin, J.E. Coleman, M. McKerns, D. Ronquillo, A. Scheinker
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Research presented in this conference paper was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under project numbers XXG2, XX8R and XXB6.
The penetrating radiography provided by the Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (DARHT) facility is a key capability in executing a core mission of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). A new suite of software is being developed in the Python programming language to support operations of the of two DARHT linear induction accelerators (LIAs). Historical data, built as hdf5 data structures for over a decade of operations, are being used to develop automated failure and anomaly detection software and train machine learning models to assist in beam tuning. Adaptive machine learning (AML) that incorporate physics-based models are being designed to use non-invasive diagnostic measurements to address the challenge of time variation in accelerator performance and target density evolution. AML methods are also being developed for experiments that use invasive diagnostics to understand the accelerator behavior at key locations, the results of which will be fed back into the accelerator models. The status and future outlook for these developments will be reported, including how Jupyter notebooks are being used to rapidly deploy these advances as highly-interactive web applications.

Poster TUPA55 [1.919 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA55

About •

Received ※ 15 July 2022 — Revised ※ 08 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPA65

Machine Learning for the LANL Electromagnetic Isotope Separator

490

A. Scheinker, K.W. Dudeck, C.P. Leibman
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Los Alamos National Laboratory Electromagnetic Isotope Separator Project.
The Los Alamos National Laboratory electromagnetic isotope separator (EMIS) utilizes a Freeman ion source to generate beams of various elements which are accelerated to 40 keV and passed through a 75-degree bend using a large dipole magnet with a radius of 1.2 m. The isotope mass differences translate directly to a spread in momentum, dp, relative to the design momentum p0. Momentum spread is converted to spread in the horizontal arrival location dx at a target chamber by the dispersion of the dipole magnet: dx = D(s)dp/p0. By placing a thin slit leading to a collection chamber at a location xc specific isotope mass is isolated by adjusting the dipole magnet strength or the beam energy. The arriving beam current at xc is associated with average isotope atomic mass, giving an isotope mass spectrum I(m) measured in mA. Although the EMIS is a compact system (5 m) setting up and automatically running at an optimal isotope separation profile I(m) profile is challenging due to time-variation of the complex source as well as un-modeled disturbances. We present preliminary results of developing adaptive machine learning-based tools for the EMIS beam and for the accelerator components.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUPA65

About •

Received ※ 18 July 2022 — Revised ※ 07 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THXD2

6D Phase Space Diagnostics Based on Adaptive Tuning of the Latent Space of Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Networks

837

A. Scheinker
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

We present a general approach to 6D phase space diagnostics for charged particle beams based on adaptively tuning the low-dimensional latent space of generative encoder-decoder convolutional neural networks (CNN). Our approach first trains the CNN based on supervised learning to learn the correlations and physics constrains within a given accelerator system. The input of the CNN is a high dimensional collection of 2D phase space projections of the beam at the accelerator entrance together with a vector of accelerator parameters such as magnet and RF settings. The inputs are squeezed down to a low-dimensional latent space from which we generate the output in the form of projections of the beam’s 6D phase space at various accelerator locations. After training the CNN is applied in an unsupervised adaptive manner by comparing a subset of the output predictions to available measurements with the error guiding feedback directly in the low-dimensional latent space. We show that our approach is robust to unseen time-variation of the input beam and accelerator parameters and a study of the robustness of the method to go beyond the span of the training data.

Slides THXD2 [19.086 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-THXD2

About •

Received ※ 18 July 2022 — Revised ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 08 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 August 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRXE1

Bayesian Algorithms for Practical Accelerator Control and Adaptive Machine Learning for Time-Varying Systems

921

A. Scheinker
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
R.J. Roussel
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Particle accelerators are complicated machines with thousands of coupled time varying components. The electromagnetic fields of accelerator devices such as magnets and RF cavities drift and are uncertain due to external disturbances, vibrations, temperature changes, and hysteresis. Accelerated charged particle beams are complex objects with 6D phase space dynamics governed by collective effects such as space charge forces, coherent synchrotron radiation, and whose initial phase space distributions change in unexpected and difficult to measure ways. This two-part tutorial presents recent developments in Bayesian methods and adaptive machine learning (ML) techniques for accelerators. Part 1: We introduce Bayesian control algorithms, and we describe how these algorithms can be customized to solve practical accelerator specific problems, including online characterization and optimization. Part 2: We give an overview of adaptive ML (AML) combining adaptive model-independent feedback within physics-informed ML architectures to make ML tools robust to time-variation (distribution shift) and to enable their use further beyond the span of the training data without relying on re-training.

Slides FRXE1 [34.283 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-FRXE1

About •

Received ※ 08 August 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)