Paper | Title | Other Keywords | Page |
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MOPA44 | Utilizing Python to Prepare the VENUS Ion Source for Machine Learning | controls, ion-source, PLC, interface | 151 |
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Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The fully superconducting electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source VENUS is one of the world’s two highest-performing ECR ion sources, and a copy of this source will soon be used to produce ion beams at FRIB. The tuning and optimization of ECR ion sources is time consuming, and there are few detailed theoretical models to guide this work. To aid in this process, we are working toward utilizing machine learning to both efficiently optimize VENUS and reliably maintain its stability for long campaigns. We have created a Python library to interface with the programmable logic controller (PLC) in order to operate VENUS and collect and store source and beam data. We will discuss the design and safety considerations that went into creating this library, the implementation of the library, and some of the capabilities it enables. |
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Poster MOPA44 [0.862 MB] | ||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA44 | ||
About • | Received ※ 17 July 2022 — Revised ※ 27 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 05 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 August 2022 | ||
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MOPA45 | Vacuum Electron Devices in the 88-Inch Cyclotron | cyclotron, electron, radiation, plasma | 154 |
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Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 The 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is a sector-focused cyclotron that has light- and heavy-ion capabilities and supports a local research program in Nuclear Science and is the home of the Berkeley Accelerator Space Effects Facility, which studies effects of radiation on microelectronics, optics, materials, and cells. The cyclotron utilizes several vacuum electron devices (VEDs) in different systems, mainly to convey plasma heating, high power RF generation, and high-voltage and current DC power generation. VEDs have been proven reliable, robust, and radiation resistant. They also have wide range, good response against transients, and stable operation with load mismatch during system tuning, instabilities, or breakdowns. The paper will describe applications of these devices in the 88-Inch Cyclotron |
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Poster MOPA45 [1.434 MB] | ||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA45 | ||
About • | Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Revised ※ 08 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 September 2022 | ||
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MOPA67 | Examining the Effects of Oxygen Doping on SRF Cavity Performance | cavity, SRF, niobium, radio-frequency | 196 |
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Superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities are resonators with extremely low surface resistance that enable accelerating cavities to have extremely high quality factors (Q0). High (Q0) decreases the capital required to keep accelerators cold by reducing power loss. The performance of SRF cavities is largely governed by the surface composition of the first 100 nm of the cavity surface. Impurities such as oxygen and nitrogen have been observed to yield high Q0, but their precise roles are still being studied. Here, we compare the performance of cavities doped with nitrogen and oxygen in terms of fundamental material properties to understand how these impurities affect performance. This enables us to have further insight into the underlying mechanisms that enable these surface treatments to yield high Q0 performance. | |||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA67 | ||
About • | Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 05 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 October 2022 | ||
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MOPA79 | Studying the Emission Characteristics of Field Emission Cathodes with Various Geometries | cathode, emittance, experiment, simulation | 226 |
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Funding: Work supported by the NNSA of US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001 and partially supported by the US DOE under Cooperative Agreement award number DE-SC0018362 and Michigan State University. The cathode test stand (CTS) at LANL is designed to hold off voltages of up to 500kV and can supply pulse durations up to 2.6 μs. Using this test stand, we are able to test both field emission and photocathodes with different geometries and materials at various pulse lengths and PFN voltages. Currently, the test stand is used to evaluate field emission using a velvet cathode over various pulse lengths. The CTS employs various diagnostic tools, including E-dots, B-dots, and a scintillator coupled with a pepperpot mask in order to measure the extracted voltage, current, beam distribution, and transverse emittance. Xenos [1] has been used to create and simulate diode geometries that permits study to optimize various beam parameters. These geometries include changing the size and recess of the cathode as well as implementing a Pierce geometry. Here, we will discuss comparisons for various simulated cathodes and how changes in geometry impact given beam parameters. [1] See https://www.fieldp.com/xenos.html for information about the Xenos software. |
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DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA79 | ||
About • | Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 August 2022 | ||
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MOPA89 | RHIC Electron Beam Cooling Analysis Using Principle Component and Autoencoder Analysis | luminosity, electron, network, beam-cooling | 260 |
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Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Principal component analysis and autoencoder analysis were used to analyze the experimental data of RHIC operation with low energy RHIC electron cooling (LEReC). This is unsupervised learning which includes electron beam settings and observable during operation. Both analyses were used to gauge the dimensional reducibility of the data and to understand which features are important to beam cooling. |
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DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-MOPA89 | ||
About • | Received ※ 02 August 2022 — Revised ※ 05 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 06 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 August 2022 | ||
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TUYD5 | Epitaxial Alkali-Antimonide Photocathodes on Lattice-matched Substrates | cathode, electron, laser, lattice | 289 |
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Alkali-antimonides photocathodes, characterized by high quantum efficiency (QE) and low mean transverse energy (MTE) in the visible range of spectrum, are excellent candidates for electron sources to drive X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) and Ultrafast Electron Diffraction (UED). A key figure of merit for these applications is the electron beam brightness, which is inversely proportional to MTE. MTE can be limited by nanoscale surface roughness. Recently, we have demonstrated physically and chemically smooth Cs3Sb cathodes on Strontium Titanate (STO) substrates grown via co-deposition technique. Such flat cathodes could result from a more ordered growth. In this paper, we present RHEED data of co-deposited Cs3Sb cathodes on STO. Efforts to achieve epitaxial growth of Cs3Sb on STO are then demonstrated via RHEED. We find that films grown epitaxially on substrates like STO and SiC (previously used to achieve single crystalline Cs3Sb) exhibit QE higher than the polycrystalline Cs3Sb cathodes, by an order of magnitude below photoemission threshold. Given the larger QE, lower laser fluence could be used to extract high charge densities, thereby leading to enhanced beam brightness. | |||
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Slides TUYD5 [2.088 MB] | ||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-TUYD5 | ||
About • | Received ※ 01 August 2022 — Revised ※ 08 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 September 2022 | ||
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WEZE5 | Magnetic Flux Expulsion in Superconducting Radio-Frequency Niobium Cavities Made from Cold Worked Niobium | cavity, SRF, niobium, radio-frequency | 611 |
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Trapped residual magnetic field during the cool down of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is one of the primary sources of RF residual losses leading to lower quality factor. Historically, SRF cavities have been fabricated from high purity fine grain niobium with grain size ~50 to 100 µm as well as large grain with grain size of the order of few centimeters. Non-uniform recrystallization of fine-grain Nb cavities after the post fabrication heat treatment leads to higher flux trapping during the cool down, and hence the lower quality factor. We fabricated two 1.3 GHz single cell cavities from cold-worked niobium from different vendors and processed along with cavities made from SRF grade Nb. The flux expulsion and flux trapping sensitivity were measured after successive heat treatments in the range 800 to 1000°C. The flux expulsion from cold-worked fine-grain Nb cavities improves after 800°C/3h heat treatments and it becomes similar to that of standard fine-grain Nb cavities when the heat treatment temperature is higher than 900°C. | |||
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Slides WEZE5 [2.029 MB] | ||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-WEZE5 | ||
About • | Received ※ 01 August 2022 — Revised ※ 07 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 31 August 2022 | ||
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WEPA41 | Maximizing Output of 3 MeV S-band Industrial Accelerator | gun, target, simulation, high-voltage | 723 |
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Earlier, we have reported on a record-breaking 3-MeV Accelerator Beam Centerline (ABC) built in 2017-2018. An upgraded version of this 3-MeV S-band ABC has been developed at Varex Imaging as a key component for one of the most popular X-ray industrial linear accelerator systems, commonly used for security and NDT applications. Being significantly strained by excessive backstreaming, increasing of the ABC output is a challenging task. We describe these challenges and highlight high power test results. The triode gun and structure design improvements allowed us to raise stable output up to 530 Rad/min/1m at 3 MeV and up to 220 Rad/min/1m at 4.5 MeV with a widely available 2.5-MW/2.7-kW magnetron, while maintaining the spot size at 2 mm. | |||
DOI • | reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2022-WEPA41 | ||
About • | Received ※ 03 August 2022 — Revised ※ 08 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 September 2022 | ||
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